Dystonia is a disease characterized by continuous or recurrent muscle contraction that results in abnormal posture or twisted, repetitive movements (NINDS, 2016b). Idiopathic cervical dystonia is the most common cause of focal dystonia. Oral antibodies usually do not work, and repeated injections of botulinum toxin are currently the most effective current therapies.
Mechanisms of dystonia are not well understood, but, as with other disorders of hyperkinetic movement, dysfunction of the extracellular basal ganglia may be involved. Stimulation of cannabinoid receptors has been proposed as a way to reduce dystonia (Zadikoff et al., 2011).
Anecdotal reports suggest that cannabis may alleviate the symptoms associated with dystonia (Uribe Roca et al., 2005). In the first 1986 open-air study in which five patients with dystonic movement disorders received cannabidiol, dose-related improvement was observed in all five patients (Consroe et al., 1986).
A systematic review of the American Academy of Neurology (Koppel et al., 2014) identified a single study that examined the effect of dronabinol on cervical dystonia.
The review described the study as being given limited ability to detect any differences between dronabinol and placebo. In total, nine patients with cervical dystonia were randomly assigned to receive dronabinol 15 mg daily or placebo in an 8-week crossover trial (Zadikoff et al., 2011).
The primary outcome measure was a change in the Toronto Western Spasmodic Torticollis Thc gummies Scale (TWSTRS) below A at the beginning and end of each 3-week treatment phase. There was no statistically significant effect of dronabinol on dystonia compared with placebo as measured by TWSTRS-A (p = 0.24).
Fifteen patients with a clinical diagnosis of primary dystonia received one dose of nabilone or placebo (0.03 mg / kg to the nearest milligram) per day of study (Fox et al., 2002). The primary outcome measure was part of the dystonia movement scale of the Burke-Fahn-Marsden dystonia scale. Treatment with nabilone did not produce a significant decrease in the rate of dystonia movement rate compared with placebo (p> 0.05).
Two small trials of dronabinol and nabilone failed to show a significant benefit of cannabinoids in improving dystonia compared to placebo. Cannabis has not been studied in the treatment of dystonia.
CONCLUSION 4-12 There is not enough evidence to support or contradict the conclusion that Weed gummies and dronabinol are an effective treatment for dystonia.
Dementia is characterized by dementia that often affects many cognitive domains such as memory, language, management function, and motor cognitive function (NIH, 2013).
Vascular dementia, and Parkinson's disease are three major depressive disorders (NIA, n.d.). Moral and psychological symptoms, including irritability, irritability, and anorexia, are common in the most advanced stages of dementia. These Cannabis gummies cause stress for the patient and caregivers and may cause the patient to be placed in a care facility.
Treatment of dementia (e.g., cholinesterase inhibitors) have only moderate side effects, and treatment for behavioral disorders such as antidepressants has both moderate and severe side effects (Krishnan et al., 2009).
CB1 receptors are found throughout the central nervous system, and the endogenous cannabinoid system is thought to be important in regulating synaptic transmission (Baker et al., 2003), a disruptive process in patients with dementia.
Numerous evidence suggests that cannabinoids have the potential to have Cannabis edible effects (Grundy, 2002; Hampson et al., 1998; Shen and Thayer, 1998). This progressive understanding of the cannabinoid endo native system, along with the effects of anxiolytic cannabinoids and appetite, provides a reason for its research in patients with dementia.